See hrof on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Architecture",
"orig": "ang:Architecture",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hrōfstān"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hrōftiġel"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "roof"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "rof"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*hrōf",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hrōf"
],
[
"*hrōfą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrōfą"
],
[
"hrōf",
"hrof#Old_Frisian"
],
[
"rōf",
"rof#Old_Saxon"
],
[
"roef",
"roef#Dutch"
],
[
"hróf",
"hróf#Old_Norse"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "gmw-pro:*hrōf<ety:inh<gem-pro:*hrōfą>>",
"title": "hrōf"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*hrōf\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"hrōf\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" }\" data-lang=\"ang\" data-title=\"hrōf\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hrōf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hrōf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrōfą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrōfą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hrōf"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian hrōf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "rōf"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon rōf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "roef",
"t": "cabin, coffin-lid"
},
"expansion": "Dutch roef (“cabin, coffin-lid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hróf",
"t": "boat-shed"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hróf (“boat-shed”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *hrōf, from Proto-Germanic *hrōfą.\nCognate with Old Frisian hrōf, Old Saxon rōf, Dutch roef (“cabin, coffin-lid”), Old Norse hróf (“boat-shed”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hrōf",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hrōf",
"links": [
[
"hrōf",
"hrof#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrōfas",
"links": [
[
"hrōfas",
"hrofas#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrōf",
"links": [
[
"hrōf",
"hrof#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrōfas",
"links": [
[
"hrōfas",
"hrofas#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrōfes",
"links": [
[
"hrōfes",
"hrofes#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrōfa",
"links": [
[
"hrōfa",
"hrofa#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrōfe",
"links": [
[
"hrōfe",
"hrofe#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrōfum",
"links": [
[
"hrōfum",
"hrofum#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "hrōf"
},
"expansion": "hrōf m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrōf"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hrōf",
"2": "hrōfas",
"3": "hrōf",
"4": "hrōfas",
"5": "hrōfes",
"6": "hrōfa",
"7": "hrōfe",
"8": "hrōfum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Afterwards he set fire to a heathen temple; then through the blowing of the wind, the fire turned to a man's house that stood nearby; but Martinus climbed on the steep roof and set himself against the roaring fire, and he immediately turned it the opposite direction of the wind",
"text": "Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church\nEft hē ontende sum hǣðen templ: þā ġewende sē līġ, ðurh þǣs windes blǣd, tō sumes mannes hūse, ðe þǣr ġehende stōd; ac Martinus āstāh on ðām stiċelan hrōfe, and sette hine sylfne onġēan ðām sweġendum līġe, and hē sōna ðrēow ðwyres wið þǣs windes",
"translation": "Afterwards he set fire to a heathen temple; then through the blowing of the wind, the fire turned to a man's house that stood nearby; but Martinus climbed on the steep roof and set himself against the roaring fire, and he immediately turned it the opposite direction of the wind",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"roof"
],
"id": "en-hrof-ang-noun-0aDW9HB0",
"links": [
[
"roof",
"roof"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the sky or heavens"
],
"id": "en-hrof-ang-noun-UhgK94gy",
"links": [
[
"sky",
"sky"
],
[
"heavens",
"heavens"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) the sky or heavens"
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xroːf/"
},
{
"ipa": "[r̥oːf]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːf"
}
],
"word": "hrof"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with etymon",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Rhymes:Old English/oːf",
"Rhymes:Old English/oːf/1 syllable",
"ang:Architecture"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hrōfstān"
},
{
"word": "hrōftiġel"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "roof"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "rof"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*hrōf",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hrōf"
],
[
"*hrōfą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrōfą"
],
[
"hrōf",
"hrof#Old_Frisian"
],
[
"rōf",
"rof#Old_Saxon"
],
[
"roef",
"roef#Dutch"
],
[
"hróf",
"hróf#Old_Norse"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "gmw-pro:*hrōf<ety:inh<gem-pro:*hrōfą>>",
"title": "hrōf"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*hrōf\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"hrōf\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" }\" data-lang=\"ang\" data-title=\"hrōf\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hrōf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hrōf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrōfą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrōfą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hrōf"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian hrōf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "rōf"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon rōf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "roef",
"t": "cabin, coffin-lid"
},
"expansion": "Dutch roef (“cabin, coffin-lid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hróf",
"t": "boat-shed"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hróf (“boat-shed”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *hrōf, from Proto-Germanic *hrōfą.\nCognate with Old Frisian hrōf, Old Saxon rōf, Dutch roef (“cabin, coffin-lid”), Old Norse hróf (“boat-shed”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hrōf",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hrōf",
"links": [
[
"hrōf",
"hrof#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrōfas",
"links": [
[
"hrōfas",
"hrofas#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrōf",
"links": [
[
"hrōf",
"hrof#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrōfas",
"links": [
[
"hrōfas",
"hrofas#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrōfes",
"links": [
[
"hrōfes",
"hrofes#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrōfa",
"links": [
[
"hrōfa",
"hrofa#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrōfe",
"links": [
[
"hrōfe",
"hrofe#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrōfum",
"links": [
[
"hrōfum",
"hrofum#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "hrōf"
},
"expansion": "hrōf m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrōf"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hrōf",
"2": "hrōfas",
"3": "hrōf",
"4": "hrōfas",
"5": "hrōfes",
"6": "hrōfa",
"7": "hrōfe",
"8": "hrōfum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Afterwards he set fire to a heathen temple; then through the blowing of the wind, the fire turned to a man's house that stood nearby; but Martinus climbed on the steep roof and set himself against the roaring fire, and he immediately turned it the opposite direction of the wind",
"text": "Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church\nEft hē ontende sum hǣðen templ: þā ġewende sē līġ, ðurh þǣs windes blǣd, tō sumes mannes hūse, ðe þǣr ġehende stōd; ac Martinus āstāh on ðām stiċelan hrōfe, and sette hine sylfne onġēan ðām sweġendum līġe, and hē sōna ðrēow ðwyres wið þǣs windes",
"translation": "Afterwards he set fire to a heathen temple; then through the blowing of the wind, the fire turned to a man's house that stood nearby; but Martinus climbed on the steep roof and set himself against the roaring fire, and he immediately turned it the opposite direction of the wind",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"roof"
],
"links": [
[
"roof",
"roof"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English poetic terms"
],
"glosses": [
"the sky or heavens"
],
"links": [
[
"sky",
"sky"
],
[
"heavens",
"heavens"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) the sky or heavens"
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xroːf/"
},
{
"ipa": "[r̥oːf]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːf"
}
],
"word": "hrof"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hrof meaning in All languages combined (5.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.